Autism and Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is complex, with a wide range of symptoms and severity. Past research has explored the connection between omega-3 fatty acids—EPA and DHA—and autism. Some findings suggest that a lack of these essential nutrients during pregnancy could increase the risk of autism in children.
One recent autism study, the MARBLES study, looked closely at how maternal omega-3 intake affects the risk of ASD and other non-typical development (non-TD). Researchers collected data through questionnaires and blood tests to estimate maternal omega-3 levels during pregnancy.
What the MARBLES Study Found
This study involved 258 mother-child pairs. All the mothers already had a child with autism and were either pregnant or planning a pregnancy. Their children were assessed for development at age 3.
Mothers who consumed more omega-3—especially in the second half of pregnancy—were 40% less likely to have children diagnosed with ASD. Higher levels of EPA and DHA in the mother's blood during the third trimester were linked to a lower risk of non-typical development, but not directly to ASD.
These findings suggest that omega 3 for kids with autism may be linked to protective benefits that begin before birth. It also points to a potential connection between omega 3 deficiency and autism risk in children.
Fish Oil While Pregnant
Getting enough omega-3s—through a healthy diet or fish oil while pregnant—can support a baby’s brain development. The World Health Organization recommends pregnant women consume around 300 mg of DHA per day. This supports not only cognitive development but may also reduce the risk of autism spectrum disorders.
Omega-3s vs ADHD Medication
Another recent study, conducted by King’s College London and China Medical University, found that omega-3 supplements can help children with low blood levels of omega-3 improve focus and attention.
In the study, 92 children with ADHD were given 1.2 grams of EPA or a placebo daily for 12 weeks. Children with low EPA levels showed improvements in attention and vigilance. In fact, the benefits from omega-3 supplementation were similar—or even better—than those seen with traditional stimulant medications in children with low omega-3.
Personalized Approaches to Mental Health
The researchers suggest that children should be tested for omega-3 deficiency before starting supplements. Signs of deficiency may include dry skin, eczema, and dry eyes. A blood test can help determine levels.
For kids with low EPA, fish oil supplements can be a valuable tool—sometimes outperforming standard medications in terms of attention support.
Still wondering how much omega 3 should be consumed for autistic children? While there's no universal dosage, studies suggest that children may benefit from 500–1000 mg of combined EPA and DHA per day. It’s important to work with a pediatrician for personalized recommendations.
Final Thoughts
The autism and omega 3 fatty acids connection is still being explored, but the MARBLES study adds to growing evidence that these nutrients play a crucial role in early brain development. While omega-3s may not prevent autism in every case, ensuring optimal intake—especially during pregnancy—could lower the risk of developmental challenges.
Whether you're pregnant or a parent to a child with autism or ADHD, omega-3 fatty acids offer a safe, science-backed option to support cognitive health. Consult your healthcare provider to determine the best approach for your family.
